The Case of Kalistratov in Gorno-Altaysk

Case History

Aleksandr Kalistratov has faced criminal prosecution for the third time because of his faith. In 2000, he was arrested and placed in a pretrial detention center for 21 days for refusing to take up arms. However, he was later acquitted by the court with the right to rehabilitation. In 2010, again for his beliefs Aleksandr found himself in the dock, on charges of extremism. His case was considered twice within 1.5 years. As a result, the first guilty verdict under Article 282 of the RF CrC was passed against one of Jehovah’s Witnesses. Eventually, the believer managed to defend his honest name: the Supreme Court of the Altai Republic found Kalistratov not guilty with the right to rehabilitation. But in December 2021, he again became a defendant in a criminal case under the same article for extremism. Kalistratov’s house was searched, after which the believer was placed under a recognizance agreement. In February 2023, the court gave Aleksandr a 6.5-year suspended sentence. The courts of appeal and cassation upheld this verdict.

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    Lieutenant Colonel of Justice E. N. Firsov, investigator of the Department for Investigation of Particularly Important Cases of the Investigative Directorate of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation for the Altai Republic, initiates a criminal case on the grounds of a crime under Part 1 of Article 282.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation against 45-year-old Alexander Kalistratov.

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    The judge of the Gorno-Altai City Court of the Altai Republic, A. V. Krivyakov, makes a decision to search the home of Alexander Kalistratov.

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    Search Art. 282.2 (1) Case initiated

    Authorities are searching Kalistratov's home. Electronic equipment, documents, bank cards and personal records are seized from the believer. At the same time, searches are being conducted at the homes of other believers from Gorno-Altaisk. In total, 5 searches are known.

    After the search, Kalistratov is taken away for interrogation. Investigator Firsov attracts the believer as a defendant in case No. 12102840008000049 and chooses a measure of restraint for him in the form of a written undertaking not to leave and proper behavior.

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    The criminal case against Alexander Kalistratov is submitted to the Gorno-Altai City Court of the Altai Republic.

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    Judge Natalia Sokolova satisfies Kalistratov's petition and makes a decision on the appointment of a preliminary hearing.

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    Hearing in a court of the first instance

    A group of 31 people comes to support Alexander Kalistratov - as eyewitnesses note, these are beautifully and neatly dressed people of different ages.

    The defendant files a motion to refuse a lawyer. After the accusation has been read, the believer declares that he categorically disagrees with it.

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    Hearing in a court of the first instance

    The hearing is attended by 25 listeners, some of whom traveled about 400 km to support the defendant.

    Two witnesses for the prosecution are being questioned. Prosecutor Yulia Ivanova asks the woman what the religion of Jehovah's Witnesses is. She answers: "The essence of this religion is the study of the Bible, the Word of God, there are advices."

    The prosecutor asks another witness: "Do I understand you correctly that Kalistratov was the leader, elder, commander-in-chief in the Altai Republic?" The man denies and says: "The commander-in-chief is Jesus ... No one forced us to come to worship services, we just had a desire to continue to learn about God and live according to his moral standards."

    During the hearing, significant contradictions were revealed in the testimonies of witnesses recorded by the investigator. One of them explains this by the fact that he signed the protocol without reading, as he was very tired by that time. According to him, he experienced severe stress after the search, during which an FSB officer threatened to shoot the man's dogs.

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    Hearing in a court of the first instance

    Two more witnesses are being interrogated - women who are not familiar with Aleksandr Kalistratov.

    When asked by the prosecutor "whether local believers told about the activities of the religious organization of Jehovah's Witnesses," one of the witnesses replies that they talked about God, read the Bible, prayed, and that she had not heard anything bad about them at all.

    The prosecutor reads out the protocols of interrogations, since the testimony of witnesses in court contradicts what the investigator recorded.

    They hear a defense witness who says that she has known Alexander for more than 20 years and has great respect for him. The prosecutor asks the woman who Jehovah is, where it is written that he is God. She replies that "Jehovah is the personal name of God. The whole world already knows that."

    A witness explains the difference between joint worship of believers and participation in the activities of a religious organization. She emphasizes that despite the elimination of the LRO, to worship God or not is the personal right of any person, and no one and nothing can forbid a person to do so.

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    Hearing in a court of the first instance

    More than 25 people are allowed into the hall, about 15 remain on the street. Some traveled thousands of kilometers to attend the trial.

    Several prosecution witnesses are being questioned. One of them does not speak Russian well. The lawyer emphasizes that the testimony of the witness is questionable: "It's amazing if you speak so badly, how could so much be written from your words."

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    Hearing in a court of the first instance

    Once again, contradictions in the testimony of witnesses are revealed. One of them emphasizes that the investigator added information to the protocol with which she does not agree. In particular, he attributed to Kalistratov the role of the "chief" and the one who "distributed tasks to the speakers."

    Another witness said that the investigator threatened to detain her if she did not sign the protocol. Because of this, she said, her blood pressure rose, and she signed just to leave the investigator's office.

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    Hearing in a court of the first instance

    Deputy Prosecutor Yulia Ivanova reads out the written evidence of the prosecution, in particular, Volume 2 contains information taken from the recordings of conversations between women who were monitored.

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    Hearing in a court of the first instance

    The court continues to consider the written evidence of the prosecution - volumes 4 to 7, including search protocols, expert opinions, etc.

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    Hearing in a court of the first instance

    The defense shall present evidence to the court. The written evidence of the defense from volumes 8 and 9 is examined.

    Kalistratov testifies to the court.

    The court declares the judicial investigation completed.

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    Hearing in a court of the first instance

    The debate was adjourned. The judge decides to resume the judicial investigation in order to question the investigator, who denies that he pressured witnesses during the investigation.

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    Prosecutor requested punishment Closing arguments for the defense Final statement

    During the debate, the prosecutor asks for a punishment for Aleksandr - 7 years of suspended imprisonment with a probationary period of 5 years. The defense also speaks, after which Kalistratov pronounces his last word.

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    Art. 282.2 (1) First Instance Sentence Suspended sentence
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    Court of Appeal Suspended sentence First Instance Sentence Art. 282.2 (1)
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    Court of Cassation Art. 282.2 (1) Suspended sentence
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